Currently miners are rewarded for processing transactions with btc and some transaction fees. These transaction fees are a constant struggle to keep under the cost of regular debit because of the cost mining coins. Once all the coins are mined, the debit fees will be the sole incentive for miners to maintain the block chain. BTC loses 50% of the rest of its coins every 4 years. We're looking at this incentive capping within the first 30 years of the currency, and we're already a decade in.

Creating a process where performing extremely complicated calculations just to process simple transactions is clearly a setup for failure. Whats the solution to this? Is anyone even looking this far forward or are we in crypto-exuberance?

There's no denying it. If technology continues to increase in capability enough to keep btc feasible then it will simultaneously make btc vulnerable to attack.