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SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals
12-24-2021, 10:36 AM
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#1
SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals
A nicely written and fairly comprehensive discussion:
"We argue that, rather than trying to tease apart the contributions of factors such as age, viral variants and time since vaccination, the rates of breakthrough infection are best seen as a consequence of the level of immunity at any moment in an individual, the variant to which that individual is exposed and the severity of disease being considered. We also address key open questions concerning the transition to endemicity, the potential need for altered vaccine formulations to track viral variants, the need to identify immune correlates of protection, and the public health challenges of using various tools to counter breakthrough infections, including boosters in an era of global vaccine shortages."
"In this Perspective, we first describe the approaches used to measure breakthrough infections and then consider the causes and impact of these breakthrough infections. Finally, we discuss some of the critical questions that remain to be addressed concerning breakthrough infections."
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-021-00662-4
"We argue that, rather than trying to tease apart the contributions of factors such as age, viral variants and time since vaccination, the rates of breakthrough infection are best seen as a consequence of the level of immunity at any moment in an individual, the variant to which that individual is exposed and the severity of disease being considered. We also address key open questions concerning the transition to endemicity, the potential need for altered vaccine formulations to track viral variants, the need to identify immune correlates of protection, and the public health challenges of using various tools to counter breakthrough infections, including boosters in an era of global vaccine shortages."
"In this Perspective, we first describe the approaches used to measure breakthrough infections and then consider the causes and impact of these breakthrough infections. Finally, we discuss some of the critical questions that remain to be addressed concerning breakthrough infections."
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-021-00662-4
12-24-2021, 10:41 AM
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#2
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Paging Anachron...
12-24-2021, 10:44 AM
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#3
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Post deleted by user
Original Ruckus
12-24-2021, 10:46 AM
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#4
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Still waiting patiently for you to go back in your other thread and admit you were wrong about the omicron variant being as severe as others.
12-24-2021, 10:48 AM
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#5
12-24-2021, 10:50 AM
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#6
Originally Posted By jtaylor2010⏩
The authors said they didn't have evidence omicron was less severe. This is a different article from different authors. I'm not on author on this one or the other one.Still waiting patiently for you to go back in your other thread and admit you were wrong about the omicron variant being as severe as others.
12-24-2021, 10:54 AM
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#7
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Originally Posted By SuperHercules⏩
This. "Breakthrough" is the wording of big pharma shills downplaying how often this occurs. We already have a words that more accurately describe something that doesn't work as intended like ineffective and failure.Stopped reading at "breakthrough infections"
12-24-2021, 10:55 AM
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#8
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Breakthrough insinuates there was something in the way in the first place lmaoo
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12-24-2021, 11:04 AM
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#9
"No vaccine is perfectly effective, even those against yellow fever, which seem to be very close1. For a virus like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), sterilizing immunity is difficult to achieve, even with vaccines, and protection is expected to decline with time since vaccination2. Therefore, the key questions for scientists studying breakthrough infections β a term used to describe infections in fully vaccinated people β surround their timing, frequency, causes, severity and levels of infectiousness."
"...if breakthrough infections are common, severe or highly transmissible, then there may be a need for additional vaccine doses, changes in vaccine formulations or non-pharmaceutical interventions (or a combination of these approaches) to reduce the incidence of infection"
"Measuring vaccine effectiveness is challenging for several reasons. Given the substantial burden of infection before vaccines became available, some individuals who are unvaccinated will nonetheless have some immunity as a result of prior infection, complicating comparisons of immunity between these groups (although there are approaches to account for this complexity). Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 infection has a spectrum of disease severity from asymptomatic to fatal, and vaccine effectiveness against each outcome may be different."
"...if breakthrough infections are common, severe or highly transmissible, then there may be a need for additional vaccine doses, changes in vaccine formulations or non-pharmaceutical interventions (or a combination of these approaches) to reduce the incidence of infection"
"Measuring vaccine effectiveness is challenging for several reasons. Given the substantial burden of infection before vaccines became available, some individuals who are unvaccinated will nonetheless have some immunity as a result of prior infection, complicating comparisons of immunity between these groups (although there are approaches to account for this complexity). Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 infection has a spectrum of disease severity from asymptomatic to fatal, and vaccine effectiveness against each outcome may be different."
12-24-2021, 11:07 AM
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#10
"Vaccines against viruses work by generating immune responses that inhibit the infection process (mainly serum antibodies that bind and/or neutralize virus particles and, for mucosally applied vaccines, also mucosal secretory IgA) and by creating immune memory in the form of antigen-specific memory B cells and T cells that are primed to produce a rapid anamnestic response when the infection reintroduces the vaccine antigen into the body.
These mechanisms can prevent initial proliferation of the virus or, failing that, rapidly control it, reducing the amount of virus to which the host is ultimately exposed and the duration of the exposure. While the amount of circulating antibody present following vaccination (or any antigenic stimulus) increases rapidly, on a timescale of days to weeks, it also declines rapidly from its peak on a timescale of weeks to months, and then more slowly over a time scale of decades.
The first phase reflects antibody secreted by short-lived plasmablast populations, which expand right after antigen exposure as a first line of defense. They typically die within 1β2 weeks after antigen exposure and the antibody they secreted declines based on the specific antibody half-life (approximately 21 days for IgG).
The second, usually very slow, phase of decline likely reflects the kinetics of long-lived plasma cells, which migrate to the bone marrow and from there secrete antibody into the blood, often maintaining stable titres for many years.
Importantly, although peripherally injected vaccines can induce low levels of IgG and monomeric IgA antibodies at the mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract (which are the main entry portal for respiratory viruses) they do not induce secretory IgA efficiently. The small proportions of IgG and IgA that land on the mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract after intramuscular vaccination disappear relatively quickly as serum antibodies wane."
These mechanisms can prevent initial proliferation of the virus or, failing that, rapidly control it, reducing the amount of virus to which the host is ultimately exposed and the duration of the exposure. While the amount of circulating antibody present following vaccination (or any antigenic stimulus) increases rapidly, on a timescale of days to weeks, it also declines rapidly from its peak on a timescale of weeks to months, and then more slowly over a time scale of decades.
The first phase reflects antibody secreted by short-lived plasmablast populations, which expand right after antigen exposure as a first line of defense. They typically die within 1β2 weeks after antigen exposure and the antibody they secreted declines based on the specific antibody half-life (approximately 21 days for IgG).
The second, usually very slow, phase of decline likely reflects the kinetics of long-lived plasma cells, which migrate to the bone marrow and from there secrete antibody into the blood, often maintaining stable titres for many years.
Importantly, although peripherally injected vaccines can induce low levels of IgG and monomeric IgA antibodies at the mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract (which are the main entry portal for respiratory viruses) they do not induce secretory IgA efficiently. The small proportions of IgG and IgA that land on the mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract after intramuscular vaccination disappear relatively quickly as serum antibodies wane."
12-24-2021, 11:10 AM
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#11
- sooby
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Originally Posted By Anachron⏩

It's now become a pandemic of the vaccinated. Time to lock them all down. Can't phucking believe they would travel to Cancun, come back and kill grandma. Selfish and utterly trash human beings.

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12-24-2021, 11:12 AM
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#12
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Originally Posted By Anachron⏩



you have to
12-24-2021, 11:12 AM
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#13
12-24-2021, 11:13 AM
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#14
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Originally Posted By J.L.C.⏩
always be a cnt mate ...never changeIf you want to change the topic, can you let us know what those data represent? Is that global data?
12-24-2021, 11:13 AM
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#15
12-24-2021, 11:15 AM
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#16
"Whether a breakthrough infection occurs when a vaccinated host is exposed to an infectious person depends on whether the immune response present in that person at the moment of exposure is sufficient to abort or rapidly control the infection:

Given the kinetics of immune responses, it is not surprising that the amount of protection offered by a vaccine against infection might decline over time, allowing more breakthrough infections as the immune response wanes over months (as observed for influenza virus vaccines) and/or as immune memory wanes over years (as observed for mumps vaccines).
Likewise, protection might increase after a breakthrough infection or after a subsequent vaccine dose, which enhances the personβs immune response. It is also unsurprising that older individuals, whose neutralizing antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccines are typically lower, appear to be at greater risk of breakthrough infections at any given time following vaccination"

Given the kinetics of immune responses, it is not surprising that the amount of protection offered by a vaccine against infection might decline over time, allowing more breakthrough infections as the immune response wanes over months (as observed for influenza virus vaccines) and/or as immune memory wanes over years (as observed for mumps vaccines).
Likewise, protection might increase after a breakthrough infection or after a subsequent vaccine dose, which enhances the personβs immune response. It is also unsurprising that older individuals, whose neutralizing antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccines are typically lower, appear to be at greater risk of breakthrough infections at any given time following vaccination"
12-24-2021, 11:15 AM
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#17
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Lmao. That new line chart is the absolute vax mogger. Thanks anachron.
12-24-2021, 11:16 AM
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#18
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Not sure why we're still calling them "breakthrough", we all know the vaccine is is worthless and only benefits pharmaceutical companies
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12-24-2021, 11:16 AM
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#19
12-24-2021, 11:20 AM
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#20
12-24-2021, 11:20 AM
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#21
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Originally Posted By J.L.C.⏩
Thats why we used to wait for more data. Creating, implementing, and mandating before data is available leads to medical reversal. Its the reason why the top 2 members of the FDA have recently resigned.The authors said they didn't have evidence omicron was less severe. This is a different article from different authors. I'm not on author on this one or the other one.
12-24-2021, 11:21 AM
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#22
12-24-2021, 11:24 AM
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#23
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[QUOTE=Anachron post_id=1653109953]Old data, almost three weeks out of date.
[img]https://i.imgur.com/RCf8CUM.jpg[/ig]
[img]//assets.bodybuilding.com/forum/images/smilies/biggrin.gif[/img][/QUOTE]What does fauci say when the vaxxed rate is[i]higher[/i]than unvaxxed?
Cant wait for that zoom interview.
[img]https://i.imgur.com/RCf8CUM.jpg[/ig]
[img]//assets.bodybuilding.com/forum/images/smilies/biggrin.gif[/img][/QUOTE]What does fauci say when the vaxxed rate is[i]higher[/i]than unvaxxed?
Cant wait for that zoom interview.
12-24-2021, 11:26 AM
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#24
Originally Posted By Anachron⏩
Where's it from?I'm waiting for the data the be "retracted" or "modified" so it suits the narrative better.
Hence why I screenshotted and saved.
Hence why I screenshotted and saved.

Nevermind, found it:
https://covid-19.ontario.ca/data
12-24-2021, 11:33 AM
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#25
12-24-2021, 11:36 AM
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#26
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Originally Posted By J.L.C.⏩
Omg.... 4 in 100,000 children are catching this obscenely mild cold? Disgusting that anyone would be questioning vax mandates of the 5-11 population.
12-24-2021, 11:37 AM
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#27
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Originally Posted By Anachron⏩
I feel like this line chart exists because all of the vax-cels have been locked down and hiding this entire time. Now that they are all jabbed and things are reopening in their areas they are venturing out into public more and more and are discovering that the vaccine is worthless and they will get covid at the same rate as unvaccinated people.Old data, almost three weeks out of date.




There is a reason why the most locked down/strict places are having the biggest issues right now.
City I live in has been wide open for over a year now. Maybe 60% of people vaxxed. TBH if I wouldn't log onto the misc and social media I really wouldn't hear/read anything about covid. Nobodys talking about it or thinking about it here. Omnicron exists but it seems to be so incredibly mild its not even worth concerning yourself over.
Went over to a friends house about 2 weeks ago. They had covid. 8 of us there. No masks or 'social distancing' but the sick brah made an effort to stay 6-8 ft away. Nobody was really worried. Nobody got covid either. All unvaxed EXCEPT the brah with Covid who was vaxed and boosted because of work.
Its nearly 2022. If your still alive I think your genes are probably good enough.
12-24-2021, 11:39 AM
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#28
12-24-2021, 11:41 AM
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#29
Originally Posted By HMFIC_BROWSIN⏩
Not sure where you're seeing discussion of mandates. Mandates certainty weren't the intended discussion topic of the thread.Omg.... 4 in 100,000 children are catching this obscenely mild cold? Disgusting that anyone would be questioning vax mandates of the 5-11 population.
12-24-2021, 11:42 AM
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#30
- AncientYouth
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went out for dinner with 13 fellas, 4 reported getting COVID a couple of days later .......all triple jabbed
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